Ricardo has been involved in full vehicle engineering programmes since its formation nearly a century ago. In recent years several major passenger car programmes have been delivered by Ricardo for a range of leading brands. These have included the deployment of alternative powertrain technologies, hybrid drive and energy management systems, and lightweight, high performance body architectures and chassis systems for maximum energy efficiency. With its deep technical knowledge and broad ranging vehicle engineering experience, Ricardo is equal to any vehicle engineering challenge from cost-optimized products for emerging markets to the latest lightweight, high performance and EV architectures.