What does the delay in adoption of the IMO’s net zero framework mean for the maritime sector?
On 17 October 2025, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) was expected to formally adopt its Net-Zero Framework, a legally binding set of measures to steer the maritime sector toward full decarbonisation. However, the decision has now been adjourned for a year, delaying the implementation of what would have been a historic global agreement.
To explore what this means for shipping, ports, and the wider maritime ecosystem, we spoke with Tim Scarbrough, Director of Maritime at Ricardo, about the framework and why the industry should continue preparing for a low-emission future.
What is the IMO’s Net-Zero Framework?
It’s a global regulatory package that sets international shipping on a path to net-zero greenhouse gas emissions. It’s the policy measure the IMO member countries voted to adopt in April 2025, as the means to reach the already adopted IMO GHG Strategy that targets net zero 2050. It includes a mandatory fuel standard, a pricing mechanism for emissions, and a fund to support innovation and equitable transition. If adopted it would be the first legally binding climate framework for the global maritime industry.
What is the impact of the adjournment of the vote to formally adopt the net zero framework?
Although it is disappointing that the formal adoption has not yet gone ahead, the delay allows time for further consultation and refinement. It’s an extra year to try to resolve differences and understand what the barriers for certain delegations are, so that these can be addressed. Plus, it also means that additional time can be spent on the design of the regulatory framework - the current framework still had some gaps left to be filled through future guidance documents.
The direction of travel towards decarbonisation remains clear
Should the maritime sector still align with the Net-Zero Framework’s goals?
Even without formal adoption right now, the framework reflects where the industry is heading, toward cleaner fuels, smarter operations, and climate-aligned investment. The industry has a 2050 net zero target to meet and tackling climate change is still imperative for the sector given its vulnerabilities to extreme weather and other direct impacts of climate change. Companies that act now will be better positioned competitively and operationally and it’s our hope and belief that the formal adoption will still go ahead next year, albeit with some refinements. The existing legislation at EU level that address GHG emissions from shipping in and around the EU – the FuelEU Maritime and the EU ETS – will be expected to continue in the case of the delay in adoption of the IMO’s Net-Zero Framework. And furthermore, regional legislation could proliferate.
What practical steps can ports, shipowners and operators take today?
The fundamentals of the framework, (including fuel intensity standards and lifecycle emissions tracking) are key building blocks for decarbonising the sector and will likely continue to feature in any future iterations of the framework. This means that it’s more than likely that ships will need to report on the GHG intensity of the fuels used and participate in paying for their emissions if the GHG intensities do not meet the standards. This affects everything from vessel design and fuel procurement to operational strategy.
Right now, you should review your current operations and explore the impacts of potential decarbonisation pathways. Understand your emissions profile and conduct feasibility studies to explore fuel options and assess retrofit potential.
Early movers will have the advantage and, we expect, will be able to access the IMO net zero fund.
How can maritime stakeholders prepare for future regulation and market shifts?
Build resilience into your strategy. That means investing in data systems, engaging with suppliers, and collaborating across the value chain. Even in the absence of binding rules, market forces, from cargo owners to financiers, are demanding decarbonisation.
What role is Ricardo playing in this evolving landscape?
We’re helping clients navigate uncertainty with confidence. Whether it’s lifecycle emissions of fuels, fuel strategy, or feasibility studies for future green shipping corridors, we provide the insight and tools to make informed, future-proof decisions. Our work with ports, shipping companies, and governments is all about turning ambition into action.
What’s your message to the maritime sector following the IMO’s adjournment?
Don’t wait. The adjournment is a pause, not a pivot. The climate imperative remains, and so do the commercial opportunities. Aligning with net-zero goals isn’t just about compliance, it’s about leadership, innovation, and long-term value. Your shareholders still hold you to account for reducing your scope 1, 2 and maybe scope 3 emissions. Your grandchildren will still ask, “so what did you do to tackle the climate crisis?"
Further information and support
Whether or not the IMO Net-Zero Framework is adopted in its current form, the maritime sector’s transition is already underway. Ricardo is supporting the sector with the expertise, tools, and strategic guidance needed to lead in a low-carbon future.
- Get in touch with any questions or to start a conversation on how we can help to optimise your decarbonisation strategy in uncertain times.
- More about our support for the maritime sector
- Net zero support
- Life cycle assessment support
